— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師為病人施打皮下低分子肝素（Enoxaparin）。下列哪項操作最為合適？
A nurse is administering a dose of subcutaneous enoxaparin to a client. Which action is most appropriate?
- AExpel the air bubble from the prefilled syringe before injection注射前將預充式注射筒內的氣泡排出
- BMassage the injection site vigorously after administration注射後用力按摩注射部位
- CInject the medication into the abdomen, at least 2 inches away from the umbilicus✓ 正解將藥物注入腹部，距離臍部至少 2 英吋
- DAspirate before injecting to ensure no blood return注射前進行抽吸以確認無回血
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Enoxaparin 預充填針筒中的氣泡能確保藥物完全注入，不應排除。正確施打位置為腹部脂肪層，避開臍周 2 英寸，以減少瘀青。抽吸（aspirate）增加組織受傷與出血機率，注射後按摩亦會增加瘀傷，皆應避免。
The air bubble in the pre-filled syringe should not be expelled as it helps clear the needle and ensures the full dose is delivered. The medication should be injected into the abdominal fat layer at least 2 inches from the umbilicus, avoiding aspiration or vigorous massage to minimize tissue trauma and hematoma risk.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床皆嚴禁按摩注射部位，但美國護理師對預充填針劑氣泡處理的衛教已標準化，台灣仍偶見護理人員習慣性排除氣泡。