— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師為一群孕婦提供營養衛教。下列哪項建議有助於預防胎兒神經管缺陷？
A nurse is providing education to a group of pregnant women about healthy nutrition. Which of the following should be recommended to prevent neural tube defects?
- AConsume high amounts of Vitamin A攝取大量維生素 A
- BLimit protein intake限制蛋白質攝取
- CIncrease intake of folic acid✓ 正解增加葉酸攝取
- DAvoid all dairy products避免所有乳製品
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
神經管缺陷（Neural tube defects, NTDs）如脊柱裂，主要與胚胎發育早期的葉酸（Folic acid）缺乏有關。葉酸是細胞分裂與 DNA 合成的重要輔因子，在懷孕前一個月及懷孕前三個月攝取充足葉酸，可顯著降低神經管缺陷的發生率。護理師應衛教孕婦透過深綠色蔬菜、豆類或營養補充劑攝取每日足量的葉酸。
Increased intake of folic acid is essential for preventing neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, particularly during the first trimester of pregnancy. Folic acid supports rapid cell division and DNA synthesis required for proper fetal neural development, making it a critical nutritional recommendation for pregnant women.