— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
老年個案出現下列哪項評估結果屬於正常的生理老化改變？
Which assessment finding in an elderly client is a normal physiological change related to aging?
- ADecreased production of saliva✓ 正解唾液分泌減少
- BPresence of a new heart murmur出現新的心臟雜音
- CSudden onset of confusion突然出現意識混亂
- DInability to maintain balance無法維持平衡
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
隨著年齡增長，身體會產生一系列正常的生理退化。唾液腺分泌減少導致口腔乾燥（Xerostomia）是老年人常見的生理變化之一，這會影響吞嚥與味覺。護理師需區分「正常老化」與「病理現象」。其他選項如心臟雜音、急性混亂及平衡喪失，皆非正常老化，而可能隱含心血管、神經系統或感染等潛在疾病，必須提高警覺並進行徹底評估。
Decreased salivary gland function leading to xerostomia is a normal physiological change associated with aging in older adults. In contrast, new heart murmurs, sudden confusion, or balance impairments are not part of normal aging and may indicate underlying pathological conditions requiring further assessment.