— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 55 歲客戶諮詢關於冠狀動脈疾病的初級預防策略。護理師應提供何種建議？
A 55-year-old client is asking about primary prevention strategies for coronary artery disease. Which recommendation should the nurse provide?
- AUndergoing an annual coronary artery calcium score screening接受每年一次的冠狀動脈鈣化積分篩檢
- BEngaging in aerobic exercise for 30 minutes most days of the week✓ 正解每週大多數日子進行 30 分鐘的有氧運動
- CStarting a statin medication if cholesterol is slightly elevated若膽固醇略高則開始服用他汀類藥物
- DTaking a low-dose aspirin tablet every day每天服用低劑量阿斯匹靈
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
初級預防強調生活型態的改變，如規律運動、健康飲食與戒菸，旨在預防疾病發生。規律的有氧運動能改善心肺功能並調控血壓與血脂。B 為篩檢工具；D 與 C 屬於次級預防或治療範疇，需醫師處方，不屬基礎行為修正的初級預防。
Engaging in regular aerobic exercise is a key primary prevention strategy for coronary artery disease, as it improves cardiovascular health and modifies risk factors like blood pressure and lipids. Primary prevention focuses on lifestyle modifications to prevent disease onset, whereas screenings and pharmacological interventions are generally secondary or tertiary measures.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫界非常強調生活型態諮詢（Lifestyle Coaching）；台灣醫療環境常因時間緊迫，衛教多由衛教師或營養師執行，醫師常直接進入藥物衛教。