— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
對於糖尿病個案，下列何者為三級預防活動？
Which of the following is a tertiary prevention activity for a client with diabetes?
- ALaser photocoagulation for retinopathy✓ 正解視網膜病變之雷射光凝固術
- BDiabetic foot care education to prevent ulcers預防潰瘍之糖尿病足部衛教
- CBlood glucose self-monitoring血糖自我監測
- DRegular comprehensive dilated eye examinations定期全面性散瞳眼底檢查
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防醫學分為三級。一級預防為「預防發生」（如衛教），二級預防為「早期篩檢與治療」（如血糖監測），三級預防則是「預防惡化與減輕併發症的傷害」。雷射光凝固治療（Laser Photocoagulation）是針對已出現的糖尿病視網膜病變進行的醫療處置，目的在於阻止視網膜進一步損傷，防止個案失明，屬於典型的三級預防。
Tertiary prevention focuses on managing existing disease to prevent complications and reduce disability; laser photocoagulation treats established diabetic retinopathy to prevent vision loss. In contrast, foot care education and routine eye exams represent secondary prevention through early detection, while self-monitoring aids in management rather than preventing complication progression directly.