— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師針對新診斷為第二型糖尿病的個案進行健康促進衛教，哪項內容最優先？
A nurse is conducting health promotion education for a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which information is priority for the nurse to include?
- AThe need for a balanced diet and regular exercise需要均衡飲食和規律運動
- BHow to identify signs of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia✓ 正解如何辨識低血糖和高血糖的徵兆
- CThe importance of daily blood glucose monitoring每日監測血糖的重要性
- DInstructions on proper foot care to prevent ulcers正確的足部護理指示以預防潰瘍
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
對於新診斷第二型糖尿病的個案，衛教的優先順序必須符合 ABC（氣道、呼吸、循環）及病人安全原則。低血糖（Hypoglycemia）是急性且具生命威脅的併發症，若未即時處理可能導致意識喪失、癲癇甚至死亡，因此辨識與處理低血糖症狀是病人安全的首要任務。高血糖症狀（如酮酸中毒 DKA 或高滲透壓高血糖狀態 HHS）雖危險，但通常進展較慢，相較於低血糖的急性發作，辨識危急徵兆為護理教學的基石。
Educating the client on recognizing signs of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia is the priority to prevent life-threatening acute complications. While diet, monitoring, and foot care are important, immediate identification of glucose disturbances ensures client safety.