— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
下列哪項措施能有效體現關節炎個案的三級預防？
Which of the following actions demonstrates effective tertiary prevention for a client with arthritis?
- AStarting a strict low-sodium diet開始嚴格低鹽飲食
- BAvoiding all physical activity to prevent pain避免所有體力活動以預防疼痛
- CScreening for family history of arthritis篩檢關節炎的家族病史
- DEngaging in low-impact water exercise✓ 正解從事低衝擊的水中運動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
三級預防（Tertiary prevention）旨在「維持剩餘功能、防止惡化」。對於關節炎個案，水中有氧運動（Water exercise）能利用浮力減輕關節負擔，同時保持關節靈活性與肌力，這能有效防止因疼痛而導致的功能廢用性肌肉萎縮與關節僵硬。避免運動（B）反而會加速關節退化；篩檢（C）屬次級；低鈉飲食（A）對關節炎無直接治療作用。
Tertiary prevention aims to maintain remaining function and prevent further deterioration in clients with established conditions. Low-impact water exercises utilize buoyancy to reduce joint stress while maintaining mobility and muscle strength, thereby preventing the functional decline associated with arthritis and immobility.