— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
護理師教導社區群體預防兒童鉛中毒，應強調哪些資訊？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a community group about preventing lead poisoning in children. Which information should the nurse emphasize? (Select all that apply.)
- AHave children wash their hands frequently✓ 正解讓兒童經常洗手
- BClean floors and windowsills with a damp cloth✓ 正解用濕布清潔地板和窗台
- CEnsure children consume a diet high in iron and calcium✓ 正解確保兒童攝取富含鐵和鈣的飲食
- DUse only hot tap water for preparing infant formula僅使用熱自來水沖泡嬰兒配方奶粉
- ECheck homes built before 1978 for lead-based paint✓ 正解檢查1978年以前建造的住宅是否有含鉛油漆
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
兒童鉛中毒多來自老舊油漆剝落產生的塵埃。預防措施：手部衛生減少攝入、濕擦清潔（避免灰塵飛揚）、補充鈣鐵以減少鉛吸收。絕對不可使用熱水管的水泡奶，因為熱水會溶出管線中的鉛。1978 年前的房屋多含鉛漆。
Preventing lead poisoning involves frequent handwashing to remove dust, damp cleaning to trap particles, and ensuring adequate iron and calcium intake to reduce lead absorption. Additionally, checking for lead-based paint in homes built before 1978 is crucial. Hot tap water should never be used for infant formula as it leaches more lead from pipes.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國法規嚴格規範老屋鉛漆與水管更換；台灣近年較重視飲用水管線材質，但老屋鉛漆議題較少提及。