— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位慢性腎臟病（CKD）病人主訴嚴重皮膚搔癢。下列何項護理措施最能緩解其皮膚不適？
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) reports severe pruritus. Which nursing intervention is most effective in promoting skin comfort?
- AAdminister an antihistamine as prescribed依醫囑施予抗組織胺
- BApply moisturizing lotion after bathing✓ 正解沐浴後塗抹保濕乳液
- CKeep the environment warm and dry保持環境溫暖乾燥
- DIncrease the dietary intake of phosphorus增加飲食中的磷攝取量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
慢性腎臟病導致皮膚乾燥與尿毒素沉積造成搔癢。給予潤膚乳液能重建皮膚屏障，保持水分。抗組織胺（A）效果有限；環境乾燥（C）會加劇搔癢；磷（D）攝取過多會進一步加重腎功能負擔與搔癢症狀，應嚴格限制而非增加。
Applying moisturizing lotion after bathing is the most effective intervention for promoting skin comfort in clients with chronic kidney disease, as it helps prevent transepidermal water loss and restores the skin barrier. Uremic pruritus is primarily caused by dry skin and toxin deposition, making hydration key. Antihistamines are generally ineffective for this type of itching, and increasing phosphorus intake would worsen symptoms.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於 CKD 皮膚照顧策略一致，但台灣護理師更常衛教患者避免含磷添加物。