— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備照護一位患有活動性肺結核的病人，下列哪項防護裝備是必要的？
A nurse is preparing to care for a client with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Which protective equipment is essential?
- ASurgical mask and eye protection外科口罩和護目鏡
- BPowered air-purifying respirator (PAPR)動力空氣淨化呼吸器 (PAPR)
- CN95 respirator mask✓ 正解N95 呼吸器口罩
- DGown, gloves, and face shield隔離衣、手套和面罩
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
活動性肺結核主要經由空氣傳播，結核桿菌的飛沫核極小，能在空氣中懸浮較久。一般外科口罩過濾功能不足，必須配戴經合適度測試（fit-test）的 N95 口罩，並將病人安置於負壓隔離病房中，以確保護理人員及其他病人的安全。
Active pulmonary tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei that remain suspended in the air, requiring strict airborne precautions. An N95 respirator, which must be fit-tested to ensure a proper seal, is essential for filtering these small particles and protecting healthcare workers from infection.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院對 N95 貼合測試要求極嚴，台灣醫院則多在收治肺結核個案時提供 N95，但貼合測試落實度因院而異。