— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導一群家長關於嬰兒安全。為了預防嬰兒猝死症（SIDS），應包含哪些資訊？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a group of parents about infant safety. Which information should be included to prevent SIDS? (Select all that apply.)
- AAlways place the baby on their back to sleep✓ 正解始終讓嬰兒仰睡
- BAvoid smoking near the infant✓ 正解避免在嬰兒附近吸菸
- CRemove pillows, blankets, and stuffed animals✓ 正解移除枕頭、毯子和毛絨玩具
- DUse a firm crib mattress✓ 正解使用堅固的嬰兒床墊
- EAllow the infant to share the same bed with the parents允許嬰兒與父母同床睡
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嬰兒猝死症（SIDS）的預防是 NCLEX 的經典題。護理核心觀念為「Safe to Sleep」計畫。預防策略包括仰睡、移除所有可能導致窒息的軟性床寢、使用堅固（Firm）床墊、避免二手菸暴露及母嬰同房不同床。這些措施皆是為了消除環境風險因子，屬於初級預防。護理師應強調床鋪環境的簡潔性，移除枕頭、毯子與布偶以確保氣道通暢。
To prevent Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), nurses should teach parents to place infants on their backs for sleep, use a firm mattress, and remove soft objects like pillows and blankets from the crib. Additionally, avoiding secondhand smoke exposure is critical, while bed-sharing is discouraged due to increased suffocation risks.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣部分家庭仍有習慣讓嬰兒與父母同床，但依據美國 AAP 指引，護理師需強調「Room sharing, not bed sharing」的安全性，這是台灣衛教需特別強化的觀念。