一位 65 歲男性詢問何時該接種帶狀皰疹（皮蛇）疫苗。護理師最佳的回應為何？
A 65-year-old male client asks when he should receive the shingles (herpes zoster) vaccine. What is the best response by the nurse?
- AThe vaccine is only recommended if you have had a prior outbreak.僅建議曾有發病史者接種疫苗。
- BYou should wait until you are 75 to get the vaccine.您應等到 75 歲才接種疫苗。
- CIt is recommended for adults aged 50 and older.✓ 正解建議 50 歲以上的成年人接種。
- DThe vaccine is not necessary if you had chickenpox as a child.若童年曾患水痘則無需接種疫苗。
帶狀皰疹（Shingles）是由水痘-帶狀皰疹病毒（VZV）再活化引起的。隨著年齡增長，細胞免疫力會下降，導致病毒活化的風險增加。根據 CDC 建議，50 歲以上的成年人應接種兩劑重組帶狀皰疹疫苗（Shingrix），無論其過去是否得過水痘或帶狀皰疹，皆能有效降低發病率及帶狀皰疹後神經痛（PHN）的發生。這是預防成人傳染病的重要公共衛生策略。
Shingles is caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). As age advances, cell-mediated immunity declines, increasing the risk of viral reactivation. According to CDC recommendations, adults aged 50 years and older should receive two doses of the recombinant zoster vaccine (Shingrix) regardless of prior history of chickenpox or shingles, as it effectively reduces both incidence and the occurrence of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). This is an important public-health strategy for preventing adult infectious disease.