— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位 60 歲個案擔憂骨質密度。護理師應將哪些生活型態調整納入預防骨質疏鬆的教學計畫？（選所有適合的）
A 60-year-old client is concerned about bone density. Which lifestyle modifications should the nurse include in the teaching plan to prevent osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncrease dietary intake of calcium and Vitamin D✓ 正解增加膳食鈣和維生素D的攝取
- BEngage in weight-bearing exercises regularly✓ 正解規律進行負重運動
- CStop smoking✓ 正解戒菸
- DLimit alcohol consumption✓ 正解限制酒精攝取
- EAvoid sunlight exposure completely完全避免日曬
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防骨質疏鬆的核心為：攝取足夠鈣與維生素 D（骨骼組成）、負重運動（刺激骨質生成）、戒菸（菸草影響鈣吸收）與限酒（酒精抑制骨形成）。完全避免陽光（Option E）錯誤，適度曝曬有助維生素 D 合成。
To prevent osteoporosis, clients should increase dietary calcium and vitamin D intake, engage in regular weight-bearing exercises, stop smoking, and limit alcohol consumption. Complete avoidance of sunlight is incorrect, as moderate exposure aids in vitamin D synthesis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣因高齡化嚴重，骨質疏鬆衛教已納入全民健保成人健檢的重要宣導項目。