護理師正在教導病人有關維持健康體重。下列何種飲食成分對增加飽足感至關重要？

飽足感（Satiety）受多種因素影響，其中膳食纖維（Fiber）在控制食慾中扮演核心角色。纖維在胃中吸水膨脹，增加食物體積，並減緩胃排空（Gastric emptying）速度，使血糖水平維持穩定，從而延長飽足感。相比之下，簡單糖和精緻穀物會導致血糖快速飆升後驟降，反而容易引起飢餓感。在臨床衛教時，應優先鼓勵攝取高纖食物，以達到健康體重管理的長期目標。

Satiety is influenced by many factors, but dietary fiber plays a central role in appetite control. Fiber absorbs water and expands in the stomach, increasing food volume and slowing gastric emptying, which helps maintain stable blood glucose and prolongs the feeling of fullness. By contrast, simple sugars and refined grains cause rapid spikes in blood glucose followed by sharp drops, which actually trigger hunger. In clinical teaching, the nurse should prioritize encouraging intake of high-fiber foods to support long-term healthy weight management.