— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師在社區進行皮膚癌一級預防衛教。下列哪位參與者的陳述顯示教學有效？
A nurse is teaching a community group about primary prevention of skin cancer. Which statement by the participant indicates that the teaching was effective?
- AI will get a skin exam once every 5 years if I have no family history如果沒有家族史，我每五年接受一次皮膚檢查
- BI will make sure to tan in a tanning bed to build up a base layer我會確保使用日光浴床曬黑以建立基礎膚色
- CI should wear protective clothing and sunscreen with SPF 30 when outdoors✓ 正解外出時我應該穿著防護衣物並使用 SPF 30 的防曬乳
- DI only need to use sunscreen when it is a very sunny day我只在陽光強烈的日子使用防曬乳
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
一級預防的重點在於避免致病因素，使用 SPF 30 以上的廣效型防曬乳與穿戴防護衣物可有效阻擋紫外線。紫外線輻射是皮膚癌的主因，即便陰天紫外線仍存在。日光浴機已被列為致癌物，應避免使用，且篩檢頻率應根據風險調整，而非五年前往。
Primary prevention of skin cancer focuses on minimizing ultraviolet radiation exposure through the use of protective clothing and broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher. This is essential because UV rays remain present even on cloudy days, and tanning beds are known carcinogens.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆推廣防曬衛教，台灣因地理緯度較低，對紫外線傷害的警覺性教育在學齡期即開始。