— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
病人每日口服 Furosemide 40 mg。護理師應監測何種電解質異常？
A client is prescribed furosemide 40 mg PO daily. Which electrolyte abnormality should the nurse monitor for?
- AHypocalcemia低血鈣
- BHypokalemia✓ 正解低血鉀
- CHyperkalemia高血鉀
- DHypernatremia高血鈉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Furosemide 為環利尿劑（Loop diuretic），作用於亨利氏環，會增加鈉、氯與鉀離子的排除。長期使用最常見的副作用是低血鉀（Hypokalemia），嚴重時可能導致心律不整。因此需鼓勵攝取含鉀食物並監測血清鉀數值。
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits potassium reabsorption in the loop of Henle, leading to significant potassium loss. This mechanism frequently results in hypokalemia, which can cause serious cardiac dysrhythmias. Consequently, the nurse must closely monitor serum potassium levels and assess for signs of deficiency.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆強調使用利尿劑時的低血鉀監測與飲食指導。