— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位病人腹部子宮切除術後第二天，出現哪些徵象暗示可能發生腸阻塞（Ileus）？（選所有適合的）
A client is 2 days postoperative following an abdominal hysterectomy. Which findings indicate the client may be experiencing an ileus? (Select all that apply.)
- AAbsent bowel sounds in all four quadrants✓ 正解四個象限均無腸鳴音
- BPassage of liquid stool排出液狀糞便
- CAbdominal distention and tenderness✓ 正解腹脹與壓痛
- DInability to pass flatus✓ 正解無法排氣
- EComplaint of persistent nausea and vomiting✓ 正解主訴持續性噁心與嘔吐
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
術後腸阻塞主要表現為腸蠕動功能麻痺。臨床特徵包括：腸音消失、腹脹伴隨壓痛、無法排氣（flatus）以及噁心嘔吐。液狀糞便通常與腹瀉或阻塞後滲漏有關，並非典型的 ileus 表徵，反而需注意是否有腹瀉引起的電解質不平衡。
Postoperative ileus is characterized by the temporary paralysis of intestinal motility, leading to the accumulation of gas and fluids. Key clinical indicators include absent bowel sounds, abdominal distention with tenderness, inability to pass flatus, and persistent nausea or vomiting due to gastric backup.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台術後照顧相似，但在腸阻塞處理上，美國常提早下床活動，台灣則常配合醫囑放置鼻胃管引流。