— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 30 歲女性詢問懷孕前補充葉酸的益處。護理師的最佳回應為何？
A 30-year-old client asks the nurse about the benefits of folic acid before conception. What is the nurse's best response?
- AIt reduces morning sickness它能減輕晨吐
- BIt prevents gestational diabetes它能預防妊娠糖尿病
- CIt helps prevent neural tube defects✓ 正解它有助於預防神經管缺損
- DIt increases the likelihood of twins它能增加懷雙胞胎的機會
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
葉酸對胎兒神經管閉合至關重要。神經管發育發生在胚胎早期，許多女性在發現懷孕時錯過了補充時機，因此鼓勵所有備孕女性提前補充，以顯著降低無腦症與脊柱裂等神經管缺損的發生率。葉酸與雙胞胎機率、妊娠糖尿病或孕吐無直接相關。
Folic acid is essential for proper neural tube formation during early embryonic development. Supplementing before conception significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects such as anencephaly and spina bifida, whereas it has no direct effect on morning sickness, gestational diabetes, or twin likelihood.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美醫療體系對於孕前葉酸補充的建議一致，台灣國民健康署亦強力推廣孕前檢查時同時提供葉酸衛教。