— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
護理師教導社區關於傳染病防治。推薦哪些預防介入措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a community class about preventing the spread of communicable diseases. Which interventions are recommended? (Select all that apply.)
- AProper hand hygiene using soap and water or alcohol-based sanitizer.✓ 正解使用肥皂和水或酒精性搓手液進行正確的手部衛生。
- BStaying home during illness to prevent transmission to others.✓ 正解生病期間待在家中，以防止傳播給他人。
- CSharing personal items like towels to reduce waste.共用毛巾等個人物品以減少浪費。
- DStaying up to date on recommended vaccinations.✓ 正解按時接種建議的疫苗。
- ECovering coughs and sneezes with the inner elbow.✓ 正解以手肘內側遮蓋咳嗽和打噴嚏。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
傳染病防治的核心在於切斷傳播鏈（Chain of Infection）。預防手段包括阻斷接觸途徑（手部衛生）、提升宿主免疫力（疫苗接種）以及減少飛沫散佈（呼吸道禮儀）。護理師在衛教時，應強調這些措施是預防公共衛生問題的基石，不僅保護個人，也能透過群體免疫（Herd Immunity）保護社區中的易感族群。
Recommended interventions include practicing proper hand hygiene, staying home when ill to limit transmission, maintaining up-to-date vaccinations, and covering coughs with the inner elbow. These measures break the chain of infection and protect both individuals and the community through herd immunity.