— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位病患因糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）入院。護理師預期會發現下列哪項檢驗結果？
A client is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which laboratory finding should the nurse anticipate?
- ASerum pH 7.45血清 pH 7.45
- BBlood glucose 450 mg/dL✓ 正解血糖 450 mg/dL
- CSerum bicarbonate 28 mEq/L血清碳酸氫鹽 28 mEq/L
- DPositive serum ketones in urine尿液中血清酮體陽性
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
DKA 的典型實驗室數據包括高血糖（通常 >250 mg/dL）、代謝性酸中毒（pH <7.30）及酮血症或酮尿症。碳酸氫根離子會因酸中毒而被消耗，數值應低於 15 mEq/L。此病患呈現的高血糖數值是 DKA 代謝失調的標誌，而 pH 值與碳酸氫根數值需在酸中毒範圍內。
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is characterized by hyperglycemia, typically with blood glucose levels exceeding 250 mg/dL. Other expected findings include metabolic acidosis with a low pH and decreased bicarbonate, rather than normal or alkalotic values.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於 DKA 診斷標準一致，皆依賴血糖、pH、HCO3 及酮體檢測。