— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位有癲癇發作病史的病人。護理師需採取哪些行動以確保安全？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of seizures. Which actions are necessary to ensure safety? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep a suction setup at the bedside✓ 正解在床邊準備抽吸設備
- BPadded side rails in the up position✓ 正解將軟墊床欄置於升起位置
- CForce a bite block into the mouth if seizures start若癲癇發作開始，強行將咬舌塊塞入口中
- DPlace the client on their side during a seizure✓ 正解在癲癇發作期間將客戶置於側臥姿勢
- EMonitor the client frequently for pre-seizure behaviors (aura)✓ 正解頻繁監測客戶是否有發作前行為（先兆）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
癲癇發作的照護核心在於「保護病人」與「預防併發症」。護理師應預先準備環境，透過抽吸設備防止呼吸道阻塞，使用軟墊床欄避免肢體撞擊造成骨折。發作時應採取側臥姿勢（Recovery position）以維持氣道暢通及引流口腔分泌物，並監測是否有前驅症狀（Aura）以預先採取防護。絕對禁止強行塞入硬物，以免造成牙齒斷裂或氣道阻塞。
To ensure safety for a client with a seizure history, the nurse must maintain a patent airway by keeping suction equipment available and monitor for pre-seizure auras to allow for early intervention. During an active seizure, placing the client in a side-lying position prevents aspiration, while padded side rails protect against physical trauma from involuntary movements.