一位 70 歲長者詢問關於肺炎鏈球菌疫苗的資訊。護理師應提供哪些接種相關衛教？
A 70-year-old client asks the nurse about the pneumococcal vaccine. What information should the nurse provide regarding its administration?
- AIt helps prevent complications from influenza有助於預防流感併發症
- BIt is administered as a one-time dose only僅需接種一次
- CIt protects against the most common strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae✓ 正解可防禦最常見的肺炎鏈球菌菌株
- DIt is required for all adults starting at age 50所有50歲以上的成人皆需接種
肺炎鏈球菌疫苗主要設計用來預防鏈球菌引發的侵襲性疾病，針對長者常見的致病血清型提供保護力。B 選項錯誤，因為目前建議可能包含結合型與多醣體疫苗的接續接種；D 選項錯誤，建議年齡為 65 歲以上；A 選項錯誤，肺炎疫苗不防流感病毒。
The pneumococcal vaccine is primarily designed to prevent invasive diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and to provide protection against the strains commonly affecting older adults. Option B is incorrect because current recommendations may include sequential administration of conjugate and polysaccharide vaccines. Option D is incorrect because the recommended starting age is 65. Option A is incorrect because the pneumococcal vaccine does not protect against the influenza virus.
台灣針對 65 歲以上長者提供公費肺炎鏈球菌疫苗接種，美國則有更細緻的風險族群區分與自費選擇。