護理師為青少年進行健康評估，應監測哪些行為以預防心理健康問題？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is conducting a health assessment for an adolescent. Which behaviors should the nurse monitor for signs of potential mental health issues? (Select all that apply.)
- AWithdrawal from social activities✓ 正解從社交活動中退縮
- BSudden decline in academic performance✓ 正解學業表現突然下降
- CIncreased interest in sports對體育活動興趣增加
- DChanges in sleep patterns✓ 正解睡眠型態改變
- ESpending time with long-time friends花時間與老朋友相處
青少年心理健康指標包含社交退縮、學業成績驟降及睡眠型態改變。這些異常指標可能反映憂鬱或焦慮。參與運動或與老朋友互動通常是健康的社交表現，而非心理問題的徵兆。護理師應評估這些行為改變的持續時間與嚴重程度。
Nurses should monitor for social withdrawal, sudden declines in academic performance, and changes in sleep patterns, as these are key indicators of potential mental health issues like depression or anxiety in adolescents. These behavioral shifts suggest emotional distress and require further assessment. In contrast, increased interest in sports and maintaining friendships with long-time peers are generally signs of healthy social functioning.
美國學校系統設有嚴格的諮商介入機制，台灣則多依賴輔導室，護理師在門診的角色更強調主動篩檢。