— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位個案被診斷為高血脂症。護理師應優先給予何種飲食建議？
A client is diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. What dietary advice should the nurse prioritize?
- ARestrict total caloric intake to 500 kcal/day將總熱量攝取限制為每日 500 千卡
- BIncrease intake of fiber-rich foods✓ 正解增加富含纖維的食物攝取
- CEat more protein regardless of source無論來源為何，多吃蛋白質
- DEliminate carbohydrates排除碳水化合物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
水溶性纖維（如燕麥、蔬果）有助於結合腸道膽固醇並排除，對降低血脂效果明確。D 選項不正確，碳水化合物仍需攝取，應選複合型；C 選項不正確，高蛋白若伴隨高脂肪會惡化病情；A 選項危險，極低熱量攝取會造成營養不良。
Soluble fiber (such as that found in oats, fruits, and vegetables) helps bind intestinal cholesterol and remove it, with clear effects in lowering blood lipids. Option D is incorrect: carbohydrates still need to be consumed, and complex carbohydrates should be chosen. Option C is incorrect: a high-protein diet accompanied by high fat will worsen the condition. Option A is dangerous: very-low-calorie intake leads to malnutrition.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫衛界積極推廣『高纖飲食』，與美國營養學會指引高度一致。