— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師正為 55 歲病人進行癌症篩檢衛教。針對一般風險個體，護理師應提供哪些關於大腸癌篩檢的建議？
A nurse is teaching a 55-year-old client about cancer screening guidelines. Which information should the nurse include for an average-risk individual regarding colon cancer?
- AFecal occult blood testing is required every 6 months糞便潛血檢測需每 6 個月進行一次
- BAnnual imaging scans are recommended建議每年進行影像掃描
- CSigmoidoscopy is the primary screening tool乙狀結腸鏡是主要的篩檢工具
- DColonoscopy should be performed every 10 years✓ 正解大腸鏡應每 10 年進行一次
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
對於 45-75 歲的一般風險族群，大腸鏡檢查建議每 10 年執行一次。這是目前大腸癌篩檢的黃金標準，因為它能同時進行診斷與預防性息肉切除。其他檢查如糞便潛血或乙狀結腸鏡，頻率與敏感度皆不同，並非首選的十年期程建議。
For average-risk individuals aged 45-75, colonoscopy every 10 years is the standard. It is the gold standard for colon cancer screening because it allows both diagnosis and preventive polyp removal. Other tests like FOBT/FIT or sigmoidoscopy differ in frequency and sensitivity and are not the primary 10-year interval recommendation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國強調個人篩檢決策與保險給付，台灣則有國家公費篩檢計畫，針對 50-74 歲民眾提供兩年一次糞便潛血。