— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一名 45 歲女性諮詢乳癌篩檢建議。根據美國癌症協會現行指引，護理師應提供何種建議？
A 45-year-old female requests information about breast cancer screening. According to current American Cancer Society guidelines, what should the nurse recommend?
- AAnnual screening mammography starting at age 45✓ 正解自 45 歲起每年進行乳房攝影篩檢
- BBaseline mammogram only if a lump is felt僅在觸及腫塊時進行基線乳房攝影
- CSelf-breast exam every week每週進行乳房自我檢查
- DAnnual clinical breast exam by a provider由醫師每年進行臨床乳房檢查
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對 45-54 歲女性，指引建議每年接受一次乳房攝影檢查。雖然部分組織對臨床乳房檢查持保留態度，但規律的影像學篩檢在降低死亡率方面證據最充足。強調早期發現對預後的重要性，並排除自行檢查作為唯一診斷手段的誤區。
For women aged 45-54, guidelines recommend annual mammography. Although clinical breast examinations have lost favor in some guidelines, regular imaging has the strongest evidence for reducing mortality. Emphasize early detection's importance and avoid relying on self-exams alone as a diagnostic method.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國建議 45 歲起每年檢查；台灣國民健康署提供 45-69 歲婦女每兩年一次免費乳房攝影，差異在於篩檢頻率。