護理師為一位 50 歲女性進行健康篩檢。針對此年齡層，哪項篩檢建議是正確的？
A nurse is conducting a health screening for a 50-year-old female client. Which screening recommendation is appropriate for this age group?
- AMammogram every 2 years每兩年進行一次乳房攝影檢查
- BPap smear every 6 months每六個月進行一次巴氏塗片檢查
- CDEXA scan annually每年進行一次雙能量 X 光吸收測定法（DEXA）掃描
- DColonoscopy every 10 years✓ 正解每十年進行一次大腸鏡檢查
根據美國癌症協會與預防工作小組建議，50 歲為大腸鏡篩檢的重要里程碑，且若無異常，後續可間隔 10 年。選項 A 的乳房攝影在 50 歲後通常建議每年或每兩年，但 B 為更明確的腸道健康篩檢標準。Pap smear 已調整為 3-5 年一次，無需每 6 個月執行。DEXA 骨密度檢查通常於 65 歲後或更年期後風險評估才定期執行。
According to recommendations from the American Cancer Society and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, age 50 is an important milestone for colonoscopy screening, and if findings are normal, the next screening can be performed at a 10-year interval. Option A, mammography, is generally recommended every 1 to 2 years after age 50, but option D represents a clearer screening standard for colorectal health. Pap smear intervals have been adjusted to every 3 to 5 years, rather than every 6 months. DEXA bone density screening is generally performed regularly after age 65 or based on postmenopausal risk assessment.
美國非常強調大腸鏡篩檢的可近性；台灣健保對於 50 歲以上提供每兩年一次的糞便潛血檢查，大腸鏡則多為自費或經糞便篩檢異常後轉診。