— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師向糖尿病前期病人建議生活型態改變，下列何者對於延緩或預防第二型糖尿病最有效？
A nurse is advising a client with pre-diabetes on lifestyle changes. Which is the most effective change to delay or prevent Type 2 diabetes?
- ASwitching to diet soda改喝代糖汽水
- BModest weight loss and regular physical activity✓ 正解適度減重並規律運動
- CMaintaining current weight while exercising維持目前體重並進行運動
- DIncreasing supplement intake增加補充品攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防第二型糖尿病的策略重點在於「改善胰島素阻抗（Insulin resistance）」。DPP（Diabetes Prevention Program）研究明確指出，透過中等強度的體重減輕（目標為體重下降 5-7%）結合每週至少 150 分鐘的規律有氧運動，能顯著改善代謝功能，其預防效果遠優於單一的飲食控制或藥物介入。
The strategy for preventing type 2 diabetes focuses on improving insulin resistance. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) study clearly demonstrated that modest weight loss (a target of 5-7% body weight reduction) combined with at least 150 minutes per week of regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercise can significantly improve metabolic function, with preventive effects far superior to dietary control or pharmacologic intervention alone.