— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師針對懷孕第一期（初期）個案進行安全指導。下列哪項建議最優先？
A nurse is educating a pregnant client about safety measures in the first trimester. Which instruction is priority?
- AStart high-intensity aerobic exercise開始進行高強度有氧運動
- BIncrease caffeine intake to boost energy增加咖啡因攝取以提升精力
- CAvoid the use of hot tubs and saunas✓ 正解避免使用熱水浴缸和桑拿
- DStop taking folic acid supplements停止服用葉酸補充劑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
懷孕初期暴露於高溫環境（如熱水浴或三溫暖）可能導致胎兒神經管缺陷或畸形。維持體溫恆定是產前護理的安全關鍵。咖啡因應攝取少量（<200mg/day），運動應調整強度而非增加，葉酸則應持續補充至懷孕中期。
Avoiding hot tubs and saunas is the priority instruction because hyperthermia during the first trimester significantly increases the risk of neural tube defects and other fetal malformations. Maintaining a stable body temperature is crucial for fetal development. Additionally, caffeine intake should be limited, exercise intensity should be moderate rather than increased, and folic acid supplementation must continue.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國注重孕期熱環境暴露衛教；台灣較強調攝取營養品（如葉酸、鐵劑）與產前遺傳診斷。