— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師正在提供有關接種疫苗重要性的教育。下列何者是活性減毒疫苗？
A nurse is providing education on the importance of vaccinations. Which of the following is a live attenuated vaccine?
- AHepatitis BB型肝炎疫苗
- BTetanus toxoid破傷風類毒素
- CMMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)✓ 正解MMR（麻疹、腮腺炎、德國麻疹）
- DInfluenza (inactivated)流感疫苗（非活性）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
MMR 疫苗（麻疹、腮腺炎、德國麻疹疫苗）屬於活性減毒疫苗（live attenuated vaccine）。這類疫苗含有減弱毒性的活病毒，能引起人體強烈的免疫反應，產生持久的保護力。流感疫苗（通常為非活性）、B 型肝炎疫苗（基因重組疫苗）與破傷風類毒素（類毒素疫苗）均不屬於活性減毒疫苗。護理師應熟悉不同疫苗的類型及其特性，以便衛教病人。
The MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine containing weakened viruses that stimulate a strong immune response. In contrast, Hepatitis B is a recombinant vaccine, tetanus toxoid contains inactivated toxins, and the inactivated influenza vaccine uses killed virus particles. Nurses should be able to distinguish these types to provide accurate client education.