— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師正在皮下注射胰島素。哪個部位是確保吸收一致性最合適的注射點?
A nurse is administering insulin subcutaneously. Which is the most appropriate site for injection to ensure consistent absorption?
- AAbdomen, avoiding a 2-inch radius around the umbilicus✓ 正解腹部,避開臍周2英吋半徑範圍
- BPosterior aspect of the upper arm上臂後側
- CUpper outer quadrant of the buttocks臀部外上象限
- DAnterior aspect of the thigh大腿前側
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
胰島素皮下注射部位的選擇旨在確保吸收的一致性與可預測性。腹部具有較大的皮下脂肪面積,且血流供應穩定,被視為吸收最迅速且一致的部位。為了維持藥效,護理師必須教導病人進行「部位輪替」(site rotation),以預防長期在同一處注射導致的脂肪增生(lipohypertrophy)或萎縮(lipoatrophy),這兩者皆會嚴重干擾胰島素的吸收速率。避開肚臍周圍 2 英吋(約 5 公分)是為了避免血管與神經分佈密集的區域,降低疼痛感與出血風險。
The abdomen provides the most consistent and rapid insulin absorption due to stable blood flow and ample subcutaneous tissue. Nurses should instruct clients to rotate injection sites within this area, avoiding a two-inch radius around the umbilicus to prevent pain and bleeding, thereby reducing the risk of lipohypertrophy.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國臨床教學中,極度強調部位輪替的圖表記錄(Rotation Charting),護理師需確認病人能正確執行輪替策略,而不僅僅是告知部位。