— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人服用 MAOI（單胺氧化酶抑制劑）藥物，護理師應指導其避免食用哪種食物？
A client taking MAOI medication asks about food choices. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- AWhite bread白麵包
- BFresh apples新鮮蘋果
- CAged cheese✓ 正解陳年乳酪
- DBoiled rice白飯
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
MAOI 藥物會抑制酪胺（Tyramine）代謝。食用含酪胺的食物（如陳年乳酪、醃製肉類、紅酒）會導致酪胺在體內堆積，引發高血壓危象（Hypertensive crisis）。其他選項如蘋果、米飯、白麵包均為低酪胺食物，可放心食用。
MAOI medications inhibit the metabolism of tyramine. Consuming tyramine-containing foods (such as aged cheese, cured meats, and red wine) causes tyramine to accumulate in the body and can precipitate a hypertensive crisis. Other options such as apples, rice, and white bread are low-tyramine foods and may be consumed safely.
✦ 台美臨床差異
MAOI 在兩地臨床上已非第一線用藥，但針對此類藥物的衛教原則（避免含酪胺飲食）全球通用。