— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
下列何者為乳癌的有效「二級預防」介入措施？
Which of the following is an effective intervention for secondary prevention of breast cancer?
- AProphylactic mastectomy預防性乳房切除術
- BPromoting genetic testing counseling促進基因檢測諮詢
- CTeaching a low-fat diet教導低脂飲食
- DRegular screening mammography✓ 正解定期篩檢乳房攝影
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防醫學分為三級，二級預防（Secondary Prevention）的核心在於「早期篩檢與早期治療」，目的是在疾病臨床症狀出現前偵測出病灶。乳房攝影術（Mammography）屬於篩檢工具，能有效降低乳癌死亡率。選項 C 屬於一級預防（促進健康），選項 B 屬於風險評估，選項 A 屬於針對高風險群的一級預防或治療性介入。
Preventive medicine is divided into three levels; the core of secondary prevention is 'early screening and early treatment' to detect lesions before clinical symptoms appear. Mammography is a screening tool that effectively reduces breast cancer mortality. Option C is primary prevention (health promotion), option B is risk assessment, and option A is a primary prevention or therapeutic intervention for high-risk groups.