— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師在公共衛生診所服務，下列哪項行為能體現對傳染病的有效「初級預防」？
A nurse is working in a public health clinic. Which action by the nurse demonstrates effective primary prevention for infectious diseases?
- AProviding contact tracing for a known outbreak針對已知疫情進行接觸者追蹤
- BConducting an immunization campaign✓ 正解實施疫苗接種運動
- CAdministering antibiotics to infected clients對感染的病人施用抗生素
- DMonitoring recovery in patients with TB監測結核病患的復原情形
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
傳染病預防分為三個階段：初級預防（Primary prevention）旨在「疾病發生前」採取行動以增強宿主防禦力；次級預防（Secondary prevention）為「早期發現與治療」；三級預防（Tertiary prevention）為「復健與減少失能」。疫苗接種能有效預防疾病發生，是初級預防的標準範例。
Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs by enhancing host defenses, such as through immunization campaigns. In contrast, contact tracing is a secondary prevention measure focused on early detection, while antibiotic administration and monitoring recovery represent curative treatments and tertiary prevention.