護理師正在照顧一位開放性肺結核病人，應採取哪些防護措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with active tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following precautions must the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)
- AWear an N95 respirator✓ 正解佩戴 N95 呼吸器
- BPlace the client in a negative pressure room✓ 正解將病人安置於負壓隔離病房
- CWear a standard surgical mask when entering進入時佩戴一般外科口罩
- DEnsure the client wears a surgical mask during transport✓ 正解確保病人在轉運期間佩戴外科口罩
- ELimit visitors to those with immunity限制訪客僅限具免疫力者
肺結核（TB）屬於空氣傳播（Airborne transmission）疾病，結核分枝桿菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis）可透過微小的飛沫核在空氣中長時間懸浮。護理重點在於阻斷傳播途徑，保護醫護人員及其他病患。核心措施包括執行空氣隔離防護（Airborne precautions），要求醫護人員配戴 N95 呼吸器以過濾微小顆粒，並將病人安置於負壓隔離病房（Negative pressure room）。若病人必須離開隔離室進行檢查，則需配戴外科口罩以控制傳染源。
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne transmission disease; Mycobacterium tuberculosis can remain suspended in the air for prolonged periods via tiny droplet nuclei. The focus of nursing care is to interrupt the route of transmission and protect healthcare workers and other patients. Core measures include implementing Airborne precautions, requiring healthcare personnel to wear N95 respirators to filter microparticles, and placing the client in a Negative pressure isolation room. If the client must leave the isolation room for procedures, a surgical mask must be worn to control the source of infection.
美國醫院對 TB 的空氣隔離標準極為嚴格，通常要求病房負壓監測儀持續運作。台灣臨床雖亦採負壓隔離，但 N95 佩戴與密合度測試（Fit testing）在美國為法規強制要求，台灣執行面有時較為彈性。