下列哪項措施是護理師預防醫療相關感染（HAI）最有效的方法？
Which of the following interventions is the most effective way for the nurse to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)?
- AMaintaining a clean environment in the nursing station維持護理站的清潔環境
- BUsing sterile technique for all procedures在所有程序中採用無菌技術
- CWearing gloves for all patient interactions在所有病人互動時佩戴手套
- DConsistent and proper hand hygiene✓ 正解一致且正確的手部衛生
醫療相關感染（HAI）是病人安全的核心議題。手部衛生（Hand hygiene）被公認為預防病原體傳播最簡單、最有效的方法。醫療照護過程中，醫護人員的手是病原體交叉感染的主要媒介。透過徹底的洗手或使用酒精性乾洗手液，能有效去除手部暫時性菌叢，阻斷感染路徑。護理師應嚴格遵循 WHO 指導的「洗手五時機」，這不僅是基本功，更是防範院內感染的守門人。
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a core issue in patient safety. Hand hygiene is widely recognized as the simplest and most effective method for preventing the transmission of pathogens. During the delivery of care, the hands of healthcare personnel are the primary vehicle for cross-infection. Thorough hand washing or the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer effectively removes transient flora and interrupts the chain of infection. Nurses must rigorously follow the WHO's 'Five Moments for Hand Hygiene,' which is not only foundational practice but the gatekeeper against nosocomial infection.